Vogais |
Curtas |
Monotongos |
AFI |
Nomes | SAMPA | enPR[1] | Exemplos |
Iniciais |
Mediais |
Finais |
Consolidados |
/æ/ |
TRAP, short A (A curto) | /{/ | ă | am /æm/ |
cat /kæt/ |
proibido[2] |
/ɛ/ |
DRESS, short E (E curto) | /E/ | ĕ | else /ɛls/ |
bed /bɛd/ |
/ɪ/ |
KIT, short I (I curto) | /I/ | ĭ | in /ɪn/ |
sit /sɪt/ |
/ʌ/ |
STRUT, short U (U curto) | /V/ | ŭ | up /ʌp/ |
urge /ʌɹd͡ʒ/, bird /bʌɹd/[3], enough /i̽ː.ˈnʌf/ |
/ʊ/ |
FOOT | /U/ | o͝o | não há |
put /pʊt/, foot /fʊt/, book /bʊk/ |
Longas |
/ɑː/[4] |
PALM | /A:/ | ä | arm /ɑːɹm/ |
lot /lɑːt/, caught /kɑːt/[4], father /ˈfɑː.ðʌ̽ɹ/, car /kɑːɹ/ |
saw /sɑː/[4], spa /spɑː/ |
ah, awe, aw |
/iː/ |
FLEECE, long E (E longo) | /i:/ | ē | even /ˈiː.vɛ̽n/ |
beat /biːt/ |
happy /ˈhæp.iː/ |
E, eek |
/uː/ |
GOOSE, long U (U longo) | /u:/ | o͞o | raro, ooze /uːz/ |
lose /luːz/ |
into /ˈɪn.tuː/ |
ooh |
Ditongos[5] |
/ɑɪ̯/ |
PRICE, long I (I longo) |
/QI/ |
ī |
ice /ɑɪ̯s/ |
rise /ɹɑɪ̯z/ |
my /mɑɪ̯/ |
I, eye, aye |
/æʊ̯/ |
MOUTH |
/{U/ |
ou |
out /æʊ̯t/ |
house /hæʊ̯s/ |
now /næʊ̯/ |
ow |
/ɔɪ̯/ |
CHOICE |
/OI/ |
oi |
raro, ointment /ˈɔɪ̯nt.mɛ̽nt/ |
noise /nɔɪ̯z/ |
boy /bɔɪ̯/ |
oi |
/eɪ̯/ |
FACE, long A (A longo) |
/eI/ |
ā |
eight /eɪ̯t/ |
same /seɪ̯m/, bait /beɪ̯t/ |
play /pleɪ̯/ |
A, ay |
/oʊ̯/ |
GOAT, long O (O longo) |
/oU/ |
ō |
own /oʊ̯n/ |
boat /boʊ̯t/, nose /noʊ̯z/ |
though /ðoʊ̯/ |
O, owe, oh |
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Consoantes |
AFI | SAMPA | enPR | Exemplos |
Consolidados |
Em encontro consonantal |
Em ataque |
Em coda |
Em ataque |
Em coda |
/b/ | /b/ | b | but /bʌt/ |
cab /kæb/ |
brute /bɹuːt/, blue /bluː/, imbue /ɪm.ˈbjuː/ |
garb /ɡɑːɹb/, bulb /bʌlb/, bulbs /bʌlbz/ |
/t͡ʃ/ | /tS/ | ch | chair /t͡ʃɛɹ/ |
catch /kæt͡ʃ/ |
proibido |
porch /poʊ̯ɹt͡ʃ/, belch /bɛlt͡ʃ/, lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/, lunched /lʌnt͡ʃt/ |
/d/ | /d/ | d | do /duː/ |
wood /wʊd/ |
drag /dɹæɡ/ |
horde /hoʊ̯ɹd/, old /oʊ̯ld/, find /fɑɪ̯nd/, finds /fɑɪ̯ndz/, width /wɪdθ/ |
/d͡ʒ/ | /dZ/ | j | gin /d͡ʒɪn/ |
edge /ɛd͡ʒ/ |
proibido |
large /lɑːɹd͡ʒ/, bulge /bʌld͡ʒ/, change /t͡ʃeɪ̯nd͡ʒ/, changed /t͡ʃeɪ̯nd͡ʒd/ |
/f/ | /f/ | f | fool /fuːl/ |
enough /i̽ː.ˈnʌf/ |
from /fɹʌm/, fly /flɑɪ̯/, few /fjuː/, sphere /sfɪɹ/ |
surf /sʌɹf/, elf /ɛlf/, triumph /ˈtɹɑɪ̯.ʌ̽mf/, gift /ɡɪft/ |
/ɡ/ | /g/ | g | go /ɡoʊ̯/ |
bag /bæɡ/ |
green /ɡɹiːn/, glow /ɡloʊ̯/, argue /ˈɑːɹ.ɡjuː/ |
raro, cyborg /ˈsɑɪ̯.boʊ̯ɹɡ/, iceberg /ˈɑɪ̯s.bʌ̽ɹɡ/ |
/h/ | /h/ | h | ham /hæm/ |
proibido |
raro, hue /hjuː/ |
proibido |
/k/ | /k/ | k | cat /kæt/, kill /kɪl/ |
back /bæk/ |
cream /kɹiːm/, close /kloʊ̯z/, cue /kjuː/, queen /kwiːn/, skip /skɪp/, scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/, sclera /ˈsklɪ.ɹɑ̽ː/, skew /skjuː/, square /skwɛɹ/ |
bark /bɑːɹk/, ilk /ɪlk/, conch /kɑːŋk/, phalanx /ˈfeɪ̯.læŋks/, pact /pækt/, pacts /pækts/, text /tɛkst/, texts /tɛksts/ |
/l/ | /l/ | l | left /lɛft/ |
meal /miːl/ |
play /pleɪ̯/, claim /kleɪ̯m/, sly /slɑɪ̯/ |
melt /mɛlt/, kiln /kɪln/, film /fɪlm/, health /hɛlθ/ |
/m/ | /m/ | m | man /mæn/ |
him /hɪm/ |
mute /mjuːt/, smooch /smuːt͡ʃ/ |
jump /d͡ʒʌmp/, tempt /tɛmpt/ |
/n/ | /n/ | n | no /noʊ̯/ |
mean /miːn/ |
new /njuː/, noir /nwɑːɹ/, snake /sneɪ̯k/ |
end /ɛnd/, mint /mɪnt/ |
/ŋ/[6] | /N/ | ng | proibido |
singer /ˈsɪŋ.ʌ̽ɹ/, ring /ɹɪŋ/ |
proibido |
ringed /ɹɪŋd/, rings /ɹɪŋz/, strength /stɹɛŋθ/, strengths /stɹɛŋθs/ |
/p/ | /p/ | p | pen /pɛn/ |
top /tɑːp/ |
preach /pɹiːt͡ʃ/, pure /pjʊɹ/, split /splɪt/, sprint /spɹɪnt/, spew /spjuː/ |
help /hɛlp/, harp /hɑːɹp/, wasp /wɑːsp/, damp /dæmp/ |
/ɹ/ | /r\/ | r | run /ɹʌn/ |
deer /dɪɹ/, pear /pɛɹ/, poor /poʊ̯ɹ/, fire /fɑɪ̯ɹ/, flower /flæʊ̯ɹ/[5] |
create /kɹiː.ˈeɪ̯t/ |
girl /ɡʌɹl/[5] |
/s/ | /s/ | s | see /siː/, city /ˈsɪt.iː/ |
pass /pæs/ |
sport /spoʊ̯ɹt/, stay /steɪ̯/, skill /skɪl/, svelte /svɛlt/ |
next /nɛkst/, sixth /sɪksθ/, sixths /sɪksθs/ |
/ʃ/ | /S/ | sh | she /ʃiː/, sure /ʃʊɹ/ |
rash /ɹæʃ/ |
raro, shrewd /ʃɹuːd/ |
raro, dashed /dæʃt/ |
/t/ | /t/ | t | to /tuː/ |
mat /mæt/ |
trip /tɹɪp/, steel /stiːl/ |
art /ɑːɹt/ |
/θ/ | /T/ | th | theme /θiːm/ |
moth /mɑːθ/ |
raro, thwart /θwɑːɹt/ |
raro, eighth /eɪ̯tθ/, eighths /eɪ̯tθs/ |
/ð/ | /D/ | th | this /ðɪs/, father /ˈfɑː.ðʌ̽ɹ/ |
raro, clothe /kloʊ̯ð/ |
não há |
raro, clothes /kloʊ̯ðz/ |
/v/ | /v/ | v | voice /vɔɪ̯s/ |
love /lʌv/ |
proibido |
raro, loved /lʌvd/, loves /lʌvz/ |
/w/ | /w/ | w | we /wiː/ |
proibido |
raro, dwell /dwɛl/, twice /twɑɪ̯s/ |
proibido |
/j/ | /j/ | y | yes /jɛs/ |
proibido |
beauty /ˈbjuː.tiː/, human /ˈhjuː.mæ̽n/ |
proibido |
/z/ | /z/ | z | zoo /zuː/ |
rose /ɹoʊ̯z/ |
proibido |
domes /doʊ̯mz/, pens /pɛnz/ |
/ʒ/ | /Z/ | zh | raro, gigue /ʒiːɡ/, jete /ʒɛ̽.ˈteɪ̯/ |
pleasure /ˈplɛʒ.ʊ̽ɹ/ |
raro, joie de vivre /ʒwɑː de̽ɪ̯̽ ˈviːv.ɹe̽ɪ̯̽/ |
raro, luged /luːʒd/ |
Marginais |
/ʍ/[7] | /W/ | hw | which /ʍɪt͡ʃ/ |
proibido |
proibido |
proibido |
/x/[7] | /x/ | KH | proibido |
loch /lɑːx/ |
proibido |
lochs /lɑːxs/ |
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